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During active American involvement in World War II (1941–45), propaganda was used to increase support for the war and commitment to an Allied victory. Using a vast array of media, propagandists instigated hatred for the enemy and support for America's allies, urged greater public effort for war production and victory gardens, persuaded people to save some of their material so that more material could be used for the war effort, and sold war bonds. Patriotism became the central theme of advertising throughout the war, as large scale campaigns were launched to sell war bonds, promote efficiency in factories, reduce ugly rumors, and maintain civilian morale. The war consolidated the advertising industry's role in American society, deflecting earlier criticism.〔Inger L. Stole, ‘’Advertising at War: Business, Consumers, and Government in the 1940s’’ (University of Illinois Press; 2012)〕 ==Campaign== At first, the government was reluctant to engage in propaganda campaigns, but pressure from the media, the business sector and advertisers who wanted direction persuaded the government to take an active role.〔Maureen Honey, ''Creating Rosie the Riveter: Class, Gender and Propaganda during World War II'', p 30, ISBN 0-87023-453-6〕 Even so, the government insisted that its actions were not propaganda, but a means of providing information.〔Leila J. Rupp, ''Mobilizing Women for War'', p 90, ISBN 978-0-691-04649-5〕 These efforts were slowly and haphazardly formed into a more unified propaganda effort, although never to the level of World War I.〔William L. O'Neill, ''A Democracy At War: America's Fight At Home and Abroad in World War II'', p 140 ISBN 0-02-923678-9〕 In 1942, President Franklin D. Roosevelt created the Office of War Information (OWI).〔Clayton Laurie, The Propaganda Warriors (University of Kansas Press)〕 This mid-level agency joined a host of other wartime agencies, including the War and State Departments, in the dissemination of war information and propaganda.〔Allan Winkler, The Politics of Propaganda: Office of War Information, 1942-1945. (Yale University Press)〕 Officials at OWI used numerous tools to communicate to the American public. These included Hollywood movie studios, radio stations and printing presses.〔Barbara Savage, Broadcasting Freedom (Duke University Press)〕 The Writers' War Board was privately organized for the purposes of propaganda and often acted as liaison between the government and the writers. Many of the writers involved regarded their efforts as superior to governmental propaganda,〔William L. O'Neill, ''A Democracy At War: America's Fight At Home and Abroad in World War II'', p 141 ISBN 0-02-923678-9〕 as they regarded their material as bolder and more responsive than governmental efforts.〔Lee Kennett, ''For the Duration. . . : The United States Goes To War'' p 166 ISBN 0-684-18239-4〕 However, the writers both responded to official requests and initiated their own campaigns.〔 In 1944 (lasting until 1948), prominent U.S. policy makers launched a domestic propaganda campaign aimed at convincing the U.S. public to accept a harsh peace for the German people. One method used in this campaign was an attempt to remove the commonly held view that the German people and the Nazi party were separate entities.〔Steven Casey, (2005), The Campaign to sell a harsh peace for Germany to the American public, 1944 - 1948, (). London: LSE Research Online. (online at http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/archive/00000736 ) Originally published in History, 90 (297). pp. 62-92 (2005) Blackwell Publishing〕 A key participant in this campaign was the Writers' War Board, which was closely associated with the Roosevelt administration.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「American propaganda during World War II」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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